Fever: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A fever is a temporary rise in body temperature and is often a sign that the immune system is responding to an infection. While a fever can cause discomfort, it usually resolves on its own. However, high or prolonged fevers may indicate a serious condition that requires medical attention.

What Is a Fever?

- Normal body temperature: Ranges between 97°F - 99°F (36.1°C - 37.2°C). - Fever definition: A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. - Low-grade fever: Between 99.5°F - 100.3°F. - High fever: 103°F (39.4°C) or higher.

Causes of Fever

- Viral infections – Flu, COVID-19, common cold. - Bacterial infections – Pneumonia, strep throat, urinary tract infections. - Heat exhaustion – Overheating from prolonged sun exposure. - Inflammatory conditions – Autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. - Reactions to medications or vaccines. - Other causes – Cancer, hyperthyroidism, blood clots.

Symptoms of Fever

- Chills or shivering - Sweating - Body aches and headache - Loss of appetite - Dehydration - Irritability (in children) - Extreme fatigue - Flushed skin

Fever in Different Age Groups

Babies (0-6 months)

Call a doctor if: - Temperature above 100.4°F (38°C). - Fever above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours. - Baby is irritable, lethargic, or refuses to eat. - Signs of seizures, rash, or breathing difficulty.

Children (6 months - 5 years)

Call a doctor if: - Fever is above 102°F (38.9°C) for more than 24 hours. - Accompanied by rash, irritability, persistent vomiting, or stiff neck. - Temperature above 104°F (40°C). - Child experiences a febrile seizure.

Adults

Seek medical attention if: - Fever is 103°F (39.4°C) or higher. - Fever lasts more than 3 days. - Accompanied by severe headache, confusion, or chest pain. - History of recent travel to high-risk areas.

When to Call 911 for a Fever

- Unresponsive or difficulty waking up - Seizures or convulsions - Difficulty breathing or blue lips - Severe headache with stiff neck - Fever over 105°F (40.6°C) - Severe dehydration symptoms (dizziness, confusion, low urine output)

Home Remedies for Fever Relief

- Drink plenty of fluids – Water, herbal teas, broth. - Rest and sleep – Helps the body fight infection. - Use a cool compress – Helps bring down temperature. - Wear lightweight clothing – Avoid overheating. - Take lukewarm baths – Do not use ice baths or alcohol rubs. - Over-the-counter medications:

• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) – Relieves fever and pain.

• Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) – Reduces fever and inflammation (not for infants under 6 months).

Fever Treatment in a Medical Setting

- Fluids through IV – To prevent dehydration. - Antibiotics – If a bacterial infection is suspected. - Hospitalization – For fevers related to serious conditions. - Further tests – Bloodwork, chest X-ray, or urine analysis to identify the cause.

Fever Prevention Tips

- Wash hands frequently – Prevents viral and bacterial infections. - Get vaccinated – Flu, COVID-19, and other necessary immunizations. - Avoid close contact – With sick individuals. - Stay hydrated and well-nourished. - Practice good hygiene – Disinfect frequently touched surfaces. - Dress appropriately for the weather – Avoid overheating or exposure to extreme cold.

Where to Get Medical Help for Fever?

For in-person consultations, visit:

1. Paris: American Medical Center Paris

16 Avenue du Colonel Bonnet, 75016 Paris
Visit the website

2. Budapest: Expat Medical

Visit the website

3. Berlin: Arztbesuche

Visit the website

For telehealth consultations, visit TravelDoctor EU. Learn more: What We Treat.

For telehealth in Argentina & Mexico, visit Travel Doctor ES.

For more medical information, visit Hopkins Medicine.

FAQ: Fever

1. What is considered a dangerous fever?
- 103°F (39.4°C) or higher in adults, 100.4°F (38°C) or higher in infants under 3 months.

2. How long should a fever last before seeing a doctor?
- More than 3 days, or if it worsens despite home treatment.

3. Can fever be a sign of COVID-19?
- Yes, fever is a common COVID-19 symptom. Get tested if you suspect exposure.

4. Are fevers dangerous in pregnancy?
- A fever over 102°F (38.9°C) in the first trimester may require medical attention.

5. Can I consult a doctor online for fever treatment?
- Yes! TravelDoctor EU offers telehealth consultations.

Summary: Key Takeaways

- Fever is the body’s natural response to infection – Most resolve without treatment.
- Hydration, rest, and OTC medications can help reduce fever symptoms.
- Seek medical attention for high or persistent fever.
- [American Medical Center Paris, Expat Medical Budapest, and Arztbesuche Berlin] provide in-person care.
- TravelDoctor EU offers telehealth consultations.